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The phrase "doing business as" (abbreviated DBA, dba or d/b/a) is a legal term used in the United States, meaning that the trade name, or fictitious business name, under which the business or operation is conducted and presented to the world is not the legal name of the legal person (or persons) who actually own it and are responsible for it. In other countries the expressions operating as (abbreviated o/a) or trading as (abbreviated T/A) are used for a similar purpose. The desired name might not have been registrable, or the business might be owned by another company, franchisee, or a sole proprietorship, resulting in all legally binding transactions taking place on behalf of the trading as name.The distinction between an actual and a "fictitious" name is important because businesses with "fictitious" names give no obvious indication of the entity that is legally responsible for their operation.In the United Kingdom, Ireland, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand and Hong Kong (and some parts of the United States), the phrase trading as (abbreviated t/a) is used.In the United Kingdom there is no filing requirement for a "trading as" name, but there are requirements for disclosure of the true owner's name, and some restrictions on the use of certain names.In several U.S. states, DBAs are officially referred to using another term. Oregon uses Assumed Business Names;[2] Washington calls DBAs trade names;[3] other states refer to trade styles or fictitious business names.

Trading Standards is the name given to local authority departments formerly known as "Weights and Measures". They were so called as their primary function was to maintain the integrity of commercial weighing and measuring by routine testing of equipment and goods.They now deal with more diverse issues under a wide variety of Acts, Orders and Codes of Practice, as set out by central government the Food Standards Agency and the Office of Fair Trading. Such legislation includes the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008, the Consumer Protection Act 1987, the Consumer Credit Act 1974, the Food Safety Act 1990 and the Price Marking Order 2004. Recent priorities include prevention of sales of counterfeit goods, sales of tobacco and alcohol to under-age buyers, and action to prevent exploitation of vulnerable consumers by scams and doorstep crime.Consumer Direct is a Government-funded call centre providing basic consumer advice in the United Kingdom. Information is also provided on their website (see below).The intention is to make such basic advice available to everyone regardless of the area in which they live.Previously, provision of consumer advice services varied, with some local Councils operating extensive services with several staff; and others relying on other local advice services such as the Citizens Advice Bureau.The service operates via a standardised national telephone number (currently 08454 04 05 06) and by e-mail. Simpler complaints are dealt with directly; more complex matters that may require direct intervention or indicate some criminality will be passed on to the relevant organisation (usually the relevant local Trading Standards office) as a referral. The website also provides a number of advice sheets.

TSI members typically work in one of (approximately) 200 Trading Standards Offices around the United Kingdom, provided by local authorities, except in Northern Ireland, where Trading Standards is provided by central government. Trading Standards work with consumers and businesses to maintain fair trading and safety of consumer goods.The current TSI Chief Executive is Ron Gainsford OBE. The TSI Chair is Leon Livermore, who is Head of trading standards at the Cambridgeshire County Council. Leon will be elected in July 2011 and took over the role of Chairman from Peter Heafield, who has recently retired from Lincolnshire trading standards.The Hampton Report of 2005 has led to the creation of the "Local Better Regulation Office" (LBRO) (Previously the (CTSA) Consumer and Trading Standards Agency).LBRO will set standards on how Trading Standards and other business regulators carry out their work to minimise the impact on legitimate business. The Hampton Report also gives an enhanced role for the Office of Fair Trading (OFT). The OFT will set national priorities and coordinate performance management of local authority Trading Standards services.Trading Standards services work in partnership with Consumer Direct, a call centre based consumer advice service which has been available across the UK since April 2006. Consumer Direct provides a single contact point where simple enquiries may be dealt with directly and others referred to the relevant Trading Standards office

The Trading Standards Institute, formerly the Institute of Trading Standards Administration (founded in 1956), formerly the Incorporated Society of Inspectors of Weights and Measures (founded in 1881), is the professional association which represents trading standards professionals in the UK and overseas.TSI performs an important and influencing role in engaging with, and making representations to, Government, UK and EU Parliamentary institutions, and key stakeholders in the local government, community, business and consumer sectors, and other regulatory agencies. TSI aims to sustain and improve consumer protection, health and wellbeing, together with the reinforcement of fair markets, facilitating business competitiveness and success.The Institute also host the UK ECC which provides consumer advice with regards to cross border disputes within the EU and also the UK ECCS. To Support TSI Members and TS Services so the trading standards profession can innovate, sustain outcomes and develop new practitioners. To develop innovative solutions through anticipating and responding to the changing needs of our members. To make an operating contribution through diversification so that our ambitions can be realised. To expand our influence and operations through International market surveillance solutions. to capture and share intelligence and information For an in depth explanation on the above points please follow the link.

The Alexa Toolbar, is an application produced by Alexa Internet, and is a Firefox extension and Browser Helper Object for Internet Explorer on Microsoft Windows that is used by Alexa to measure website specific statistics.It includes a popup blocker, a search engine entry box, a link to Amazon.com, a link to Alexa, information about the current Alexa ranking of the website that the user is visiting, and links relevant to the site the user is browsing. By early 2005 there had been over 10 million downloads of the toolbar, according to Alexa. But the company does not provide info on how many of them are actually used.There are some privacy concerns about the toolbar, as it requests site data from Alexa and there is no information on how long Alexa stores these usage trails.